To learn anything there are some specific levels. Similarly, children also learn speaking and listening step-by-step. Here, I would try to explain it in detail with the help of dividing it in age-groups.

Babies(0-12 months):

Here in this age, babies are just able to 

  1. Respond to familiar sounds
  2. Smile and make eye contact
  3. Babble("ba-ba" , "da-da")
  4. use gestures like waving.

Here, Families can make this more easy for them while paying attention, using soft tone, sing songs, use normal and easy words which they can learn with a smile on face.

Toddlers(1-3 years)

Here they are able to

  1. Say simple words like Mumma, ball.

  2. Say short sentences(" Love you Mumma").

  3. follow simple instructions like "come here".

  4. Point to objects toys, family members.

Families should repeat things again and again, use simple words and sentences.

Preschoolers(3-5 years)

Now, they are somehow mature and can express themself and much confident communicator by using:

  1. Longer sentences. with the usage of Grammar.
  2. Ask question . Specially "Why?" .
  3. Tell simple stories and daily routine.
  4. play pretended games with language .for example teacher-teacher.

Families should appreciate them for everything and be attentive and try to do storytelling to enhance skills among them.

Early School Age(5= years)

Now, they are pretty mature, able to do study and:

  • Speak clearly along with good sound and pronunciations.

  • Use complex ideas and clear conversation.

  • Understand a wide vocabulary and long sentences.

  • carry full conversation.

Summary

Everything is gonna be easy if we divide it in parts. Similarly, here step-by-step learning is clear for children without any confusion because they learn according to their capacity and without any burden. Even every child develops differently as some children speak earlier and some late. Language learning is same as this. Growth depends upon many factors like- Personality, home environment, opportunities, health and confidence.